О.С. Бобрикова, доцент
olga-bobrikova@yandex.ru (Россия, Тула, ТулГУ)
В.И. Иванова, д. пед. наук, проф.
kaflip@mail.ru (Россия, Тула, ТулГУ)
ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ОБУЧЕНИЯ И ВОСПИТАНИЯ В ВУЗЕ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ТЕМАТИЧЕСКИХ ВЕЧЕРОВ
Изучение практического курса иностранного языка, подразумевающее тематическое разнообразие затрагиваемых проблем, вопросов, даёт широкие возможности для интеграции учебного и воспитательного процессов в вузе. Воспитательный процесс имеет целью подготовку личности к участию в общественной и культурной жизни в соответствии с социокультурными нормативными моделями. При изучении иностранных языков есть возможность проецирования этих моделей не только из родной для обучаемого социокультурной среды, но и из тех или иных реалий социума страны изучаемого языка.
В странах Западной Европы традиционным является соблюдение религиозных празднований, где первостепенное место по значимости занимает празднование Рождества. Этот праздник, помимо религиозной составляющей, является воплощением традиций семейственности, связи поколений, почитания своих родных, своего домашнего очага. А именно семейное воспитание, в условиях имеющего, к сожалению, места нравственного опустошения российской молодёжи, является сегодня одним из приоритетных.
Поэтому на протяжении многих лет на языковых кафедрах ТулГу (Ин. Яз., ЛиП) проводятся рождественские встречи в студенческих группах. На этих встречах студенты делают сообщения о семейных традициях празднования Рождества в европейских странах, о религиозной сути этого праздника, планируют и готовят вместе с преподавателем сценарий проведения праздника.
Современные учебно-методические ресурсы изобилуют пособиями, сборниками, указаниями проведения внеклассных мероприятий и тематических вечеров в помощь педагогу. Всевозможные сценарии, страноведческую информацию, языковой аутентичный материал (фильмы, музыка, устойчивые словосочетания, народный фольклор: приметы, пословицы, песни, а также игры) можно черпать также из ресурсов сети Интернет.
За последнее время в арсенале педагога по иностранному языку накопилось множество форм и приёмов построения и проведения тематического вечера встречи Рождества. Среди них можно выделить следующие: подготовка студентами мини-докладов или презентаций о приметах и традициях Рождества, символах, истории возникновения праздника с последующим проведением викторин и конкурсов; инсценировка народных рождественских сказок или фрагментов фильмов; проведение конкурсов и игр, популярных в англоязычных странах во время празднования Рождества; изготовление рождественских открыток и украшение аудитории согласно обычаям страны изучаемого языка; разработка заданий и упражнений на аудирование известных песен, клипов или фрагментов аутентичных фильмов и т.д.
Данная технология организации учебного процесса позволяет создать иноязычную языковую и культурную среду.
Ниже мы предлагаем сценарий проведения рождественских встреч, состоявшихся на кафедре лингвистики и перевода 21 декабря 2012 г., который может стать хорошим подспорьем преподавателю в организации подобных мероприятий.
Тема мероприятия: «англо-русский каламбур».
Цель: приготовить пикантно-толерантное блюдо «англо-русское рождество».
Задачи: найти рецепт и описание ингредиентов; смешать собранные ингредиенты; подать салат к столу.
Этапы и инструменты.
Этап 1: находим рецепт приготовления блюда и описание неизвестных нам ингредиентов.
Инструменты:
1. Просмотр видеоклипов английских ситуативных комедий про традиции и обычаи празднования английского рождества (видео доступно по следующему адресу: http://youtu.be/09RpEIuBuic).
2. Обмен студентами информацией о символах английского рождества.
Примерный раздаточный материал о символах английского рождества.
The Candy Cane
Candy canes have been around for centuries, but it wasn't until around 1900 that they were decorated with red stripes and bent into the shape of a cane. They were sometimes handed out during church services to keep the children quiet. One story (almost certainly false) that is often told about the origin of the candy cane is as follows:
In the late 1800's a candy maker in Indiana wanted to express the meaning of Christmas through a symbol made of candy. He came up with the idea of bending one of his white candy sticks into the shape of a Candy Cane. He incorporated several symbols of Christ's love and sacrifice through the Candy Cane. First, he used a plain white peppermint stick. The color white symbolizes the purity and sinless nature of Jesus. Next, he added three small stripes to symbolize the pain inflicted upon Jesus before His death on the cross. There are three of them to represent the Holy Trinity. He added a bold stripe to represent the blood Jesus shed for mankind. When looked at with the crook on top, it looks like a shepherd's staff because Jesus is the shepherd of man. If you turn it upside down, it becomes the letter J symbolizing the first letter in Jesus' name. The candy maker made these candy canes for Christmas, so everyone would remember what Christmas is all about.
The Christmas Stocking
While there are no written records of the origin of the Christmas Stocking, there are popular legends that attempt to tell the history of this Christmas tradition. One such legend has several variations, but the following is a good example: Very long ago, there lived a poor man and his three very beautiful daughters. He had no money to get his daughters married, and he was worried what would happen to them after his death.
Saint Nicholas was passing through when he heard the villagers talking about the girls. St. Nicholas wanted to help, but knew that the old man wouldn't accept charity. He decided to help in secret. He waited until it was night and crept through the chimney.
He had three bags of gold coins with him, one for each girl. As he was looking for a place to keep those three bags, he noticed stockings of the three girls that were hung over the mantelpiece for drying. He put one bag in each stocking and off he went. When the girls and their father woke up the next morning, they found the bags of gold coins and were of course, overjoyed. The girls were able to get married and live happily ever after.
Christmas crackers -
Christmas poppers or bon-bons are art of Christmas celebrations in the United Kingdom andCommonwealth countries such as Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa, as well as the United States of America to a lesser degree. They are also popular in Ireland. A cracker consists of a cardboard tube wrapped in a brightly decorated twist of paper. The cracker is pulled by two people, and the cracker splits unevenly. The split is accompanied by a small bang or snapping sound produced by the effect of friction on a chemically impregnated card strip.
Crackers are typically pulled at the Christmas dinner table or at parties. In one version of the cracker tradition, the person with the larger portion of cracker empties the contents from the tube and keeps them. In another each person will have their own cracker and will keep its contents regardless of whose end they were in. Typically these contents are a coloured paper hat or crown; a small toy, small plastic model or other trinket and a motto, a joke, a riddle on a small strip of paper.
The origin of Christmas crackers
The Christmas Cracker was devised in 1847 by an English confectioner and stationery manufacturer, whilst on holiday in Paris with his family. At a time when English sweets were still sold loose from the trays they were made in, his children discovered the Parisian Bon-Bons - coated sugar lollies wrapped in a twist of colored paper - quite a novelty and rather more hygienic he concluded. He liked the idea so much that on his return to England he wrapped his lollies in similar paper and, unwittingly, began the development of his own Bon-Bons.
At the same time - as a confectioner - he would have been familiar with the popular Italian custom of having a surprise "trinket" inside chocolate Easter eggs and also with the ancient Chinese custom of inserting a fortune prediction "motto" inside the fortune cookies.
By putting all these ideas together on his return from the Paris family holiday, the Christmas Cracker was born complete with a surprise novelty gift, a trinket, a tissue paper hat, a snap to make a bang when pulled apart and a piece of paper with a joke or motto.
Mistletoe and Holly
Two hundred years before the birth of Christ, the Druids used mistletoe to celebrate the coming of winter. They would gather this evergreen plant that is parasitic upon other trees and used it to decorate their homes. They believed the plant had special healing powers for everything from female infertility to poison ingestion. Scandinavians also thought of mistletoe as a plant of peace and harmony. They associated mistletoe with their goddess of love, Frigga. The custom of kissing under the mistletoe probably derived from this belief. The early church banned the use of mistletoe in Christmas celebrations because of its pagan origins. Instead, church fathers suggested the use of holly as an appropriate substitute for Christmas greenery.
The Christmas Tree
The Christmas Tree originated in Germany in the 16th century. It was common for the Germanic people to decorate fir trees, both inside and out, with roses, apples, and colored paper. It is believed that Martin Luther, the Protestant reformer, was the first to light a Christmas tree with candles. While coming home one dark winter's night near Christmas, he was struck with the beauty of the starlight shining through the branches of a small fir tree outside his home. He duplicated the starlight by using candles attached to the branches of his indoor Christmas tree. The Christmas tree was not widely used in Britain until the 19th century. It was brought to America by the Pennsylvania Germans in the 1820's.
Santa Claus
The original Santa Claus, St. Nicholas, was born in Turkey in the 4th century. He was very pious from an early age, devoting his life to Christianity. He became widely known for his generosity for the poor. But the Romans held him in contempt. He was imprisoned and tortured. But when Constantine became emperor of Rome, he allowed Nicholas to go free. Constantine became a Christian and convened the Council of Nicaea in 325. Nicholas was a delegate to the council. He is especially noted for his love of children and for his generosity. He is the patron saint of sailors, Sicily, Greece, and Russia. He is also, of course, the patron saint of children. The Dutch kept the legend of St. Nicholas alive. In 16th century Holland, Dutch children would place their wooden shoes by the hearth (fire place) in hopes that they would be filled with a treat. The Dutch spelled St. Nicholas as Sint Nikolaas, which became corrupted to Sinterklaas, and finally, in Anglican, to Santa Claus. In 1822, Clement C. Moore composed his famous poem, "A Visit from St. Nicholas," which was later published as "The Night Before Christmas." Moore is credited with creating the modern image of Santa Claus as a jolly fat man wearing red Santa suits. However, his authorship is controversial. Some scholars suggest that it was Henry Livingston Jr. who wrote the poem.
Auld Lang Syne
is a Scots poem written by Robert Burns in 1788 and set to the tune of a traditional folk song. It is well known in many countries, especially in the English-speaking world; its traditional use being to celebrate the start of the New Year at the stroke of midnight. By extension, it is also sung at funerals, graduations and as a farewell or ending to other occasions.
The song's Scots title may be translated into English literally as "old long since", or more idiomatically, "long long ago", "days gone by" or "old times". Consequently "For auld lang syne", as it appears in the first line of the chorus, might be loosely translated as "for (the sake of) old times".
3. Нахождение сходств и отличий в традициях празднования английского и русского рождества.
4. Выполнение теста-викторины.
- Bobrikova.jpg (38.65 KiB) Viewed 1727 times
Инструменты:
1. Изготовление оригами-символов рождества (http://en.origami-club.com/xmas/index.html).
2. Отгадывание загадок из английских хлопушек (crackers).
Примеры загадок:
• What's black and white and red (read) all over? (A newspaper)
• Why is six afraid of seven? (Because seven eight (ate) nine)
• Which month has 28 days? (All the months)
• What is yours but your friend uses more than you do? (Your name)
• What is the end of earth? (H)
• What are two things people never eat before breakfast? (Lunch and supper)
• How many legs does an ant have? (Two, the same as an uncle) (HINT: ant = aunt)
• What can't be used until it's broken? (An egg)
• What has two heads, four eyes, six legs and a tail? (A horse and its rider)
• Do you know why birds fly to south in the winter? (Because it's too far to walk there)
• Which room has no doors, no windows? (A mushroom)
• Why did the student take a ladder to school? (Because he/she was going to high school!)
• Which is faster, heat or cold? (Heat, because you can catch a cold)
• What do you call a witch at the beach? (A sandwich)
• What has teeth but can't bite? (A Comb)
• What is the word that everybody always says wrong? ("Wrong")
• What has two hands and a face, but no arms and legs? (A clock)
• What has a neck, but no head? (A bottle)
• What flowers have two lips? (Tulips)
• What's a teacher's favorite nation? (Expla-nation)
• What State in the United States is High in the middle and round at the ends? (Ohio)
• What's the most colorful state of U.S.A.? (Color-ado)
• What do you call a deer with no eyes? (No idea. (No eye deer))
• What do you call a deer with no eyes or legs? (Still no idea)
• Why did the chicken cross the road? (To get to the other side)
• Why did the chewing-gum cross the road? (Because it was stuck to the chickens foot)
• Why did the turkey cross the road? (Because the chicken was on vacation)
• Why did the man throw a bucket of water out the window? (He wanted to see the waterfall)
• Why did the man throw the butter out the window? (He wanted to see the butterfly)
• Why did the man throw his watch out of the window? (He wanted to see time fly)
• Do you know where people send a horse when it is sick? (To a horsepital)
• Why did the man put the clock in the safe? (He wanted to save time)
• They travel all over the world but end up in the corner, what are they? (Stamps)
How many sheep does it take to make one wool sweater? (I didn't even know sheep could knit!)
• Where do cows go for entertainment? (They go to the mooovies!)
• What a bee says when it gets in the hive? (Hi Honey! I'm home!)
• It walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon and three legs in the evening. What is it? (Man (or woman). Crawls on all fours as a baby, walks on two legs as an adult and uses two legs and a cane when they're old)
• There was a green house. Inside the green house there was a white house. Inside the white house there was a red house. Inside the red house there were lots of babies. What is it? (A watermelon)
• What always runs but never walks, often murmurs, never talks, has a bed but never sleeps, has a mouth but never eats? (A river)
• At night they come without being fetched. By day they are lost without being stolen. What are they? (The stars)
3. Исполнение традиционных песен: английской рождественской «Auld Lang Syne» (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acxnmaVTlZA) / (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOiVmwOOXwE) и русской новогодней про елочку с частичным шуточным переводом (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eexolrx2SNc).
Тексты песен:
Auld Lang Syne (Burns’ original Scots verse)
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
and never brought to mind?
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
and auld lang syne?
CHORUS:
For auld lang syne, my jo,
for auld lang syne,
we’ll tak a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
And surely ye’ll be your pint-stowp!
and surely I’ll be mine!
And we’ll tak a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
CHORUS
We twa hae run about the braes,
and pu’d the gowans fine;
But we’ve wander’d mony a weary foot,
sin auld lang syne.
CHORUS
We twa hae paidl’d i' the burn,
frae morning sun till dine;
But seas between us braid hae roar’d
sin auld lang syne.
CHORUS
And there’s a hand, my trusty fiere!
and gie's a hand o’ thine!
And we’ll tak a right gude-willy waught,
for auld lang syne.
CHORUS
Auld Lang Syne (English translation)
Should old acquaintance be forgot,
and never brought to mind?
Should old acquaintance be forgot,
and old lang syne?
CHORUS:
For auld lang syne, my dear,
for auld lang syne,
we'll take a cup of kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
And surely you’ll buy your pint cup!
and surely I’ll buy mine!
And we'll take a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
CHORUS
We two have run about the slopes,
and picked the daisies fine;
But we’ve wandered many a weary foot,
since auld lang syne.
CHORUS
We two have paddled in the stream,
from morning sun till dine;
But seas between us broad have roared
since auld lang syne.
CHORUS
And there’s a hand my trusty friend!
And give us a hand o’ thine!
And we’ll take a right good-will draught,
for auld lang syne.
CHORUS
Новогодняя
In forest born the елочка
In forest she does live
In winter, summer стpойная
The green она была
Метель her tell the песенка
Sleep елочка бай-бай
Моpоз to snow укутывал
To look не замеpзай
Тpусишка rabbit сеpенький
Под елочкой jump-jump
At some times wolf, the angry wolf
Рысцою пpобегал.
To snow on forest частому
Под полозом zip-zap
Лошадка мохнолегая
To quikly quikly run
Везет лошадка дpовенки,
А в дpовнях angry men
He’s killed our елочка
Под самый коpешек
And now she is the beautiful
On party к нам to go
And many many pадости
To kinders пpинесла.....
Этап 3: подаем блюдо к столу под просмотр традиционных русских фильмов.
Инструменты:
1. Загадки - перевод шуточных реплик из известных русских кинофильмов на английский язык; отгадки – название фильма, персонаж и актер.
Примеры известных реплик:
• Украл, выпил — в тюрьму. Украл, выпил — в тюрьму. Романтика… «Джентльмены удачи»
• Я требую продолжения банкета!
«Иван Васильевич меняет профессию»
• - Как вам сапоги?
- Очень вызывающие, я бы такие не взяла.
- Значит, хорошие сапоги, надо брать.
«Служебный роман»
• Не учите меня жить, лучше помогите материально!
«Москва слезам не верит»
• Людк, а Людк, глянь-к, какая сучка крашена! — Ну почему крашеная, это мой натуральный цвет!
«Любовь и голуби»
• Да нам, царям, молоко нужно выдавать за вредность!
«Иван Васильевич меняет профессию»
• Вы не скажете, сколько сейчас градусов ниже нуля?
«Операция "Ы"...»
• Что же ты делаешь, царская морда?!
«Иван Васильевич меняет профессию»
• Профессор, конечно, лопух, но аппаратура принёммм, принёммм! Как слышно?
«Операция "Ы"...»
• Если сегодня еще кто-нибудь умрет или родится, я останусь без обеда.
«Служебный роман»
• Куй железо не отходя от кассы!
«Бриллиантовая рука»
• Короче, Склифосовский.
«Кавказская пленница»
• Будете у нас на Колыме - милости просим! - Да, нет, уж лучше вы к нам.
«Бриллиантовая рука»
• Руссо туристо, облико морале, ферштейн?
«Бриллиантовая рука»
• Вот чудак-человек, кто ж его посадит?! Он же памятник!
«Джентльмены удачи»
• А может тебе дать еще ключ от квартиры, где деньги лежат?!!!
«Двенадцать стульев»
• Вежливость - главное оружие вора
«Джентельмены удачи»
• Наши люди в булочную на такси не ездят!
«Бриллиантовая рука»
• - Девушка, а девушка, а как вас зовут? - Таня. - А меня Федя. - Ну и дура!
«Джентельмены удачи»
• Кони стоят пьяные, хлопцы запряженные!
«Свадьба в Малиновке»
• Селянка, хочешь большой, но чистой любви?… Приходи вечером на сеновал.
«Формула любви»
• Словом, бац, бац... и мимо!
«Свадьба в Малиновке»
• Сильвупле, дорогие гости, сильвупле. Жевупри авеплизиз. Господи прости, от страху все слова повыскакивали.
«Формула любви»
• Хулиган! А еще очки надел!..
«Иван Васильевич меняет профессию»
• Чтоб ты жил на одну зарплату!
«Бриллиантовая рука»
• Шампанское по утрам пьют или аристократы или дегенераты!
«Бриллиантовая рука»
2. Игра «шляпа»: студенты вынимают из шляпы карточку, содержащую слово или словосочетание, которые они должны объяснить словами или жестами и действиями.
Примеры карточек:
• candy cane
• angel
• reindeer
• elf
• stockings
• fire place
• candle
• holly
• sledge
• Santa’s costume
• chimney
• Santa getting into the house through the chimney
• Children putting their stockings above the fire place
• Children looking for their gifts under the Christmas tree
• Santa riding a sledge with some reindeer
• People singing carols in the streets
• People wishing “Merry Christmas” to everyone
• People kissing each other under the holly bunch
• Children round dancing and singing around the Christmas tree
• People decorating the Christmas tree
• Santa drinking a glass of cocoa and having some cookies
• A child sitting on Santa’s knee and asking for some Christmas gifts
• People pulling apart Christmas crackers
Подведение итогов мероприятия.
В чем же состоял секрет нашего блюда:
1) мы взяли русские и английские традиции празднования рождества;
2) добавили carol singing, начиненный русской песенкой про елочку, пусть и частично переведенную на английский язык;
3) смешали «русский» салат Оливье с карамельками candy canes;
4) приправили все русскими хлопушками и английскими crackers с сюрпризом внутри для каждого гостя нашего get together;
5) заправили играми в «шляпу» и известными фразами из кино;
6) получили пикантно-толерантное блюдо «англо-русское рождество».
Цель нашего мероприятия достигнута.